Maxwell Demon and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Steering

TL;DR

This paper introduces a quantum circuit model for Maxwell demon-assisted EPR steering, revealing how quantum non-locality can be simulated by work and linking it to thermodynamics and information theory.

Contribution

It proposes a novel quantum circuit model for Maxwell demon-assisted EPR steering, connecting quantum non-locality with thermodynamics and work-based simulation.

Findings

Derived a quantitative formula relating energy dissipation and quantum non-locality.

Demonstrated the model's feasibility on current quantum processors.

Provided new insights into the relationship between quantum non-locality, information, and thermodynamics.

Abstract

The study of Maxwell demon and quantum entanglement is important because of its foundational significance in physics and its potential applications in quantum information. Previous research on the Maxwell demon has primarily focused on thermodynamics, taking into account quantum correlations. Here we consider from another perspective and ask whether quantum non-locality correlations can be simulated by performing work. The Maxwell demon-assisted Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering is thus proposed, which implies a new type of loophole. The application of Landauer's erasure principle suggests that the only way to close this loophole during a steering task is by continuously monitoring the heat fluctuation of the local environment by the participant. We construct a quantum circuit model of Maxwell demon-assisted EPR steering, which can be demonstrated by current programmable quantum processors, such as superconducting quantum computers. Based on this quantum circuit model, we obtain a quantitative formula describing the relationship between energy dissipation due to the work of the demon and quantum non-locality correlation. The result is of great physical interest because it provides a new way to explore and understand the relationship between quantum non-locality, information, and thermodynamics.