NLP for Climate Policy: Creating a Knowledge Platform for Holistic and Effective Climate Action

TL;DR

This paper explores how NLP techniques can be used to develop a comprehensive knowledge platform that aggregates diverse climate policy data and opinions to support more effective and holistic climate action.

Contribution

It introduces four NLP methodologies for analyzing climate policy discourse and advocates for a knowledge platform integrating varied stakeholder perspectives.

Findings

Automated content analysis identifies key climate policy topics.

Sentiment analysis reveals opinions of major actors on climate issues.

Belief exploration distinguishes pro- and anti-climate orientations.

Abstract

Climate change is a burning issue of our time, with the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 13 of the United Nations demanding global climate action. Realizing the urgency, in 2015 in Paris, world leaders signed an agreement committing to taking voluntary action to reduce carbon emissions. However, the scale, magnitude, and climate action processes vary globally, especially between developed and developing countries. Therefore, from parliament to social media, the debates and discussions on climate change gather data from wide-ranging sources essential to the policy design and implementation. The downside is that we do not currently have the mechanisms to pool the worldwide dispersed knowledge emerging from the structured and unstructured data sources. The paper thematically discusses how NLP techniques could be employed in climate policy research and contribute to society's good at large. In particular, we exemplify symbiosis of NLP and Climate Policy Research via four methodologies. The first one deals with the major topics related to climate policy using automated content analysis. We investigate the opinions (sentiments) of major actors' narratives towards climate policy in the second methodology. The third technique explores the climate actors' beliefs towards pro or anti-climate orientation. Finally, we discuss developing a Climate Knowledge Graph. The present theme paper further argues that creating a knowledge platform would help in the formulation of a holistic climate policy and effective climate action. Such a knowledge platform would integrate the policy actors' varied opinions from different social sectors like government, business, civil society, and the scientific community. The research outcome will add value to effective climate action because policymakers can make informed decisions by looking at the diverse public opinion on a comprehensive platform.