Designing circle Swimmers: Principles and strategies

TL;DR

This paper applies stochastic thermodynamics to analyze circle swimmers, revealing principles for designing energy-efficient microswimmers with optimized functions, offering new insights for smart motor development.

Contribution

It introduces a thermodynamic framework for circle swimmers and proposes design principles for energy-efficient microswimmers with specific functions.

Findings

Trade-off relations between precision, energy, and rotational speed identified.

Principles for designing optimized microswimmers under energy constraints proposed.

Provides theoretical insights for experimental development of smart microswimmers.

Abstract

Various microswimmers move along circles rather than straight lines due to their swimming mechanisms, body shapes or hydrodynamic effects. Here, we adopt the concepts of stochastic thermodynamics to analyze circle swimmers confined in a two-dimensional plane, and study the trade-off relations between various physical quantities such as precision, energy cost and rotational speed. Based on these findings, we predict principles and strategies for designing microswimmers of special optimized functions under limited energy resource conditions, which will bring new experimental inspiration for designing smart motors.