Superradiation of Dirac particles in KN black hole

TL;DR

This paper investigates the possibility of superradiation of Dirac particles in Kerr-Newman black holes by analyzing the effective potential and proposing a mechanism involving Cooper pair formation, challenging previous assumptions.

Contribution

It introduces a novel mechanism for Dirac particles to exhibit superradiation in Kerr-Newman black holes through a specific solution involving Cooper pairs.

Findings

Dirac particles can form Cooper pairs in KN black hole backgrounds.

Superradiation can occur when the effective potential has a maximum.

Potential barriers outside the horizon facilitate superradiation.

Abstract

In this article, we process the approximate wave function of the Dirac particle outside the horizon of the KN ds black hole to effective potential V, and then derive V (including real and imaginary parts). We know that fermions cannot produce superradiation, but we can prove that Dirac particles in the KN black hole background can have a special solution through a certain operation, forming a Cooper pair, thus producing superradiation.We deal with the real and imaginary parts separately. When V (real part or imaginary part) has a maximum value, there may be a potential barrier outside the field of view to have a chance to produce superradiation.