Damage Detection in a laboratory-scale wellbore applying Time Reverse Nonlinear Elastic Wave Spectroscopy (TR NEWS)

TL;DR

This study demonstrates the feasibility of using Time Reverse Nonlinear Elastic Wave Spectroscopy (TR-NEWS) for damage detection in a laboratory-scale wellbore, showing its potential for monitoring mechanical damage through nonlinear elastic parameters and acoustic measurements.

Contribution

It introduces a novel application of TR-NEWS in wellbore damage detection, including the use of fiber optic sensors suitable for harsh environments, advancing practical deployment in Earth Science.

Findings

Nonlinear elastic parameter {} increased with damage cycles

TR peak width and amplitude changed near damage sites

Fiber optic sensors successfully conducted acoustic TR measurements

Abstract

Time Reverse Nonlinear Elastic Wave Spectroscopy (TR-NEWS) has been used to focus acoustic energy, and make measurements correlated with damage in a variety of industrial materials. Most studies using TR-NEWS in Earth Science have focused on relatively small objects and may have multiple acoustic sources. In Earth, within energy extraction settings, the structure and scale of wellbores makes acoustic focusing challenging. This paper explores the feasibility of applying TR NEWS for damage detection in wellbores by constructing a laboratory-scale wellbore, and using TR to focus and make dynamic linear and nonlinear elastic measurements. After successive cycles of induced, localized mechanical damage the sample, the hysteretic nonlinear elastic parameter {\alpha}, increased with damage cycle indicating progressive mechanical damage. In addition to these strain-dependent changes, TR peak width and changes to peak amplitude near the damage sites was also observed. To deploy TR in a wellbore, it will be necessary to choose sensors that are suitable for the environment, and that can be distributed along the wellbore. Thus, this paper demonstrates that acoustic TR can be conducted using both an intrinsic Fabry Perot interferometer fiber optic strain sensor, and an intrinsic Michaelson interferometer fiber optic strain sensor, as a first step towards deployable sensing for TR in a wellbore.