Asymptotic analysis of deformation behavior in high-contrast fiber-reinforced materials: Rigidity and anisotropy

TL;DR

This paper analyzes the asymptotic deformation behavior of high-contrast fiber-reinforced composites, revealing the limits of attainable deformations and the effects of regularization on macroscopic rigidity.

Contribution

It characterizes the weak limits of deformations in fiber-reinforced materials with rigid fibers, extending asymptotic rigidity analysis to more complex composite structures.

Findings

Attainable deformations are constrained by anisotropic length preservation.

Approximation techniques handle the higher flexibility of the soft matrix.

Second-order regularization enforces macroscopic rigidity.

Abstract

We identify the restricted class of attainable effective deformations in a model of reinforced composites with parallel, long, and fully rigid fibers embedded in an elastic body. In mathematical terms, we characterize the weak limits of sequences of Sobolev maps whose gradients on the fibers lie in the set of rotations. These limits are determined by an anisotropic constraint in the sense that they locally preserve length in the fiber direction. Our proof of the necessity emerges as a natural generalization and modification of the recently established asymptotic rigidity analysis for composites with layered reinforcements. However, the construction of approximating sequences is more delicate here due to the higher flexibility and connectedness of the soft material component. We overcome these technical challenges by a careful approximation of the identity that is constant on the rigid components, combined with a lifting in fiber bundles for Sobolev functions. The results are illustrated with several examples of attainable effective deformations. If an additional second-order regularization is introduced into the material model, only rigid body motions can occur macroscopically.