Spontaneous quantum superradiant emission in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates subject to a synthetic vector potential

TL;DR

This paper theoretically explores spontaneous phonon pair emission in a Bose-Einstein condensate influenced by a synthetic vector potential, drawing parallels to black hole ergosurface radiation and identifying observable experimental signatures.

Contribution

It introduces a formalism to analyze quantum superradiant emission in BECs with synthetic gauge fields, linking it to analog gravity phenomena.

Findings

Identification of spectral and correlation features of superradiant phonon emission

Proposal of experimental signatures in atomic gas correlation functions

Connection between superradiance in BECs and black hole ergosurface radiation

Abstract

We theoretically investigate the spontaneous quantum emission of phonon pairs by superradiant processes in an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate subject to a synthetic vector potential. Within the analog gravity perspective, this effect corresponds to the spontaneous emission of radiation from the ergosurface of rotating black holes. A general input-output formalism is built and used to characterize the spectral and correlation properties of the emission. Experimentally accessible signatures of the emission are pointed out in the correlation functions of the atomic gas.