Mirror-extended standard model with spontaneously broken left-right symmetry and its implementation in the course of cosmological evolution

TL;DR

This paper proposes a mirror-extended standard model with spontaneously broken left-right symmetry, explaining fermion masses, dark matter, and cosmological evolution, while linking gravity, inflation, and Higgs fields.

Contribution

It introduces a MESM framework derived from gravity considerations, addressing fermion mass hierarchy and dark matter through mirror particles with specific cosmological implications.

Findings

Mirror particles have masses between 10^8 and 10^14 GeV.

Mirror sector interacts only gravitationally with the SM.

Model predicts a high mirror Higgs VEV of 10^{14} GeV.

Abstract

A mirror-extended standard model (MESM) is offered, where in the left-right symmetric underlying action the sector of the standard model (SM) and its mirror copy have the same SU(2)\times U(1) gauge structure and parameters; the mirror fermion counter-partners have opposite chiralities. A theory is used that allows one to obtain MESM in Minkowski space only if we start with an accurate account of gravity and only at the end go to the limit of Minkowski space. Spontaneous breaking of left-right symmetry and the "wrong" sign in the mass terms of the Higgs fields potentials arise due to the initial conditions imposed on the T-model inflation. MESM allows choosing the universal Yukawa coupling constant $y$ in the underlying Lagrangian for all generations of charged leptons and up-quarks. As an example, with y=10^{-3}, it is shown that a set of additional dimensionless parameters in width range less than 0.5 is sufficient to obtain the masses of all known charged leptons and up-quarks. In this sense, MESM bypasses the problem of the fermion mass hierarchy. With this choice of parameters, MESM predicts that vacuum expectation value for the mirror Higgs field is 10^{14}GeV and masses of mirror particles are in the range 10^{8}GeV-10^{14}GeV. There is only gravitational interaction between particles of the SM and mirror sectors. Hence, mirror particles can constitute dark matter. The vacuum is realized as a limiting state in the cosmological evolution of the inflaton and classical Higgs fields, in which the energy stored in them becomes minimal, providing the maximum possible contribution of these fields to the entropy of the Universe. If further study of the model reveals the existence of an effective mechanism for preheating the Universe, this will mean that the cosmological constant problem is absent.