Drop Interface and Airflow Unsteadiness in Wind-Forced Drop Depinning

TL;DR

This study investigates whether unsteady airflow vortices couple with drop interface oscillations during wind-induced drop depinning, finding no evidence of such coupling in water drops at high Reynolds numbers.

Contribution

The paper provides experimental evidence that drop interface oscillations and airflow vortices are uncoupled during wind-driven depinning at high Reynolds numbers.

Findings

Drop interface oscillations are unaffected by wind speed when scaled by drop volume.

Airflow vortex shedding occurs independently of drop interface oscillations.

Vortex shedding frequencies are much higher than drop interface frequencies, preventing coupling.

Abstract

Liquid drops that are pinned to solid surfaces by contact-angle hysteresis can be dislodged by wind forcing. When this occurs at high Reynolds numbers, substantial drop-interface oscillations precede depinning. It has been hypothesized that coupling between drop interface oscillations and unsteady airflow vortices are important to the depinning process. This possibility is investigated using simultaneous high-speed side-view drop images and airflow fluctuation measurements. The results show no evidence of coupling across a range of drop volumes and wind speeds for water drops in air. When properly scaled by drop volume, drop interface fluctuation frequencies are not affected by wind speed. Airflow vortex shedding occurs as if the drop were a solid surface protuberance. For the air/water system in these experiments, vortex shedding frequencies are substantially higher than drop interface frequencies and the disparate frequencies may make the hypothesized coupling impossible.