Conceptual Design of Mars Sample Return Mission Using Solar Montgolfieres

TL;DR

This paper proposes a novel, cost-effective Mars sample return architecture utilizing solar Montgolfier balloons, enhancing simplicity and robustness over existing methods, and includes comprehensive feasibility analysis.

Contribution

Introduction of a unique Mars sample return design employing solar Montgolfier balloons, with detailed analysis of its feasibility and advantages over current architectures.

Findings

The proposed design reduces technological complexity.

It offers a cost-effective and robust alternative.

The architecture includes backup plans for mission assurance.

Abstract

Space agencies have been incessantly working to propose a sustainable architecture for human Mars mission. But, before proceeding to a giant leap and accomplishing those mission intent, it is significant to know the extent of possibility to expand terrestrial species on the vast red planet. Decades of scientific exploration and experimentation through planetary landers and rovers showed uncertain and unsatisfactory results to determine the possibility of life on Mars. Consequently, the technological limitation has impeded to perform in-situ experimentation and analysis on the surface. Therefore, we require soil samples through Mars sample return vehicles for superior analysis in our ground-based laboratories or on-orbit analysis aboard International Space Station from the aspect of planetary protection policy. Sampling analysis either in ground or orbit will report the presence of fundamental constituents to harbor life. To effectuate this intent, we have proposed a unique sample return architecture integrated with large solar Montgolfier. Here, we deploy parachute and retro propulsion thrusters to deliver sample return vehicles on to the surface and systematic ascend with the aid of solar Montgolfier to propel the MSRV out of Mars atmosphere. Subsequently, the MSRV effectuates orbital rendezvous with orbiter for the refueling process and safe return. The proposed concept is cheap, robust and simple as compared to the current state of MSR architectures ultimately minimizing the technological necessities. It also detains backup plans that were found to be nowhere presented in any of sample return strategies. Further, we have extended our discussion to comprehensively analyze entire MSR architecture with our concept for mission feasibility.