Distinguishing Different BSM Signatures at Present and Future Colliders

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates how angular distributions and amplitude zeros at colliders can differentiate various beyond standard model particles, such as leptoquarks and heavy fermions, based on their spins and gauge properties.

Contribution

It introduces a novel method using angular distributions and amplitude zeros to distinguish BSM particles with different spins and gauge representations at colliders.

Findings

Angular distributions can identify particle spins at the LHC.

Zeros in scattering amplitudes help differentiate particles by electromagnetic charge.

Complementary collider analyses improve BSM particle identification.

Abstract

We show how angular distributions can distinguish different scenarios beyond the standard model by characterising particles of different spins at the LHC. We illustrate the idea with scalar and vector leptoquarks along with the heavy fermions in Type-III seesaw as spin zero, spin one and spin half examples respectively. On the other hand, zeros of single photon tree level amplitude can separate different particles according their electromagnetic charges. This phenomenon can be used to distinguish leptoquarks of different gauge representations, even different excitations of same $SU(2)_L$ gauge group, within the same spin frame work. We explore electron-photon and electron-hadron colliders to discern such scenarios in the context of the leptoquark models by means of zeros in scattering amplitudes. We found that the discerning effect in these two colliders are complementary to each other and both of them are required for an exhaustive analysis of leptoquark models. The analyses are carried out for different leptoquark masses and centre of mass energies of the collisions which involve a PYTHIA based simulation.