Sub-Doppler spectra of sodium $D$ lines in a wide range of magnetic field: theoretical study

TL;DR

This study provides a comprehensive theoretical analysis of sodium D-line spectra under magnetic fields up to 1 Tesla, revealing Zeeman transition behaviors and novel spectral features in nanocell configurations.

Contribution

It offers the first detailed high-resolution spectra of sodium vapor in nanocells under varying magnetic fields, including phenomena like guiding transitions and circular dichroism.

Findings

Complete Zeeman transition mapping across magnetic fields

Identification of guiding transitions and circular dichroism effects

High-resolution spectra modeling in nanocell environments

Abstract

We compute the interaction of a sodium vapor with a static magnetic field ranging from 0 up to 1 Tesla, which allows to obtain the behavior of all Zeeman transitions as a function of the magnetic field for any polarization of incident laser radiation: $\pi, \sigma^\pm$. We use these results combined with a Fabry-P\'erot microcavity model to describe the transmitted and reflected signal of a sodium vapor confined in a nanometric-thin cell. This allows us to present for the first time high resolution absorption spectra, and provide a complete description of the Zeeman transitions, along with some important peculiarities such as the appearance of guiding transitions and magnetically-induced circular dichroism. The obtained theoretical results can be used in the upcoming experiments with sodium vapor nanocells.