Cathode to Target Simulations for Scorpius: I. Simulation Codes and Models

TL;DR

This paper details simulation codes and models used to predict beam behavior in the Scorpius accelerator, demonstrating it can achieve radiographic quality comparable to existing facilities if constructed properly.

Contribution

It introduces specific simulation tools and models for the Scorpius accelerator, assessing beam stability and quality from cathode to target.

Findings

Scorpius can produce high-quality radiographic beams.

Simulations predict manageable beam instabilities.

Beam emittance growth can be controlled.

Abstract

The new Scorpius linear induction electron accelerator is under development for multi-pulse flash radiography of large, explosively-driven hydrodynamic experiments. Beam physics from the cathode to the target was examined with computer simulations, including envelope, ray-trace, and particle-in cell (PIC) codes. Beam instabilities investigated included beam breakup (BBU), image displacement, diocotron, parametric envelope, ion hose, and the resistive wall instability. Beam corkscrew motion and emittance growth from beam mismatch were also studied. The results of these simulations is documented in a series of reports. In this report the computer codes and physical models used for these simulations are described. The conclusion of this study is that Scorpius will produce and accelerate a beam with radiographic quality equivalent to the present accelerators at Los Alamos National Laboratory if the same engineering standards and construction details are upheld.