
TL;DR
This paper investigates the asymmetry in the 3C328 radio galaxy, proposing that recent restart of nuclear activity explains the observed differences in lobe evolution and jet orientation, supported by multi-scale radio observations.
Contribution
It introduces a model explaining lobe asymmetry through light-travel effects and recent activity restart, supported by VLBA and VLA observations of 3C328.
Findings
The near-side lobe shows signs of decay, while the far-side lobe retains hotspot features.
A short, ~200 pc jet points towards the near-side lobe, indicating recent activity restart.
The quiescent period of the nucleus is constrained between specific lower and upper limits.
Abstract
As a rule, both lobes of Fanaroff-Riley (FR) type-II radio sources are terminated with hotspots, but the 3C328 radio galaxy is a specimen of an FR II-like object with a hotspot in only one lobe. A conceivable reason for such asymmetry is that the nucleus of 3C328 was temporarily inactive. There was no energy transfer from it to the lobes during the period of quiescence, and so they began to fade out. However, under the assumption that the axis connecting the two lobes makes an appreciable angle with the sky plane, and hence one is considerably farther from the observer than the other, the lobes are observed at two distinct stages of evolution due to the light-travel lag. While the far-side lobe is still perceived as being of the FR II type with a hotspot, decay of the near-side lobe is already apparent. No jets are visible in the VLA images, but the VLBA observations of the…
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