$\imath$Hall algebra of Jordan quiver and $\imath$Hall-Littlewood functions

TL;DR

This paper establishes a deep connection between the $ extit{i}$Hall algebra of the Jordan quiver and symmetric functions, introducing $ extit{i}$Hall-Littlewood functions with new algebraic and combinatorial properties.

Contribution

It proves the $ extit{i}$Hall algebra is a polynomial ring, constructs an isomorphism to symmetric functions, and develops Pieri rules for $ extit{i}$HL functions.

Findings

$ extit{i}$Hall algebra is a polynomial ring in infinitely many generators.

Established an isomorphism to the ring of symmetric functions in two parameters.

Derived Pieri rules and specialization properties for $ extit{i}$HL functions.

Abstract

We show that the $\imath$Hall algebra of the Jordan quiver is a polynomial ring in infinitely many generators and obtain transition relations among several generating sets. We establish a ring isomorphism from this $\imath$Hall algebra to the ring of symmetric functions in two parameters $t, \theta$, which maps the $\imath$Hall basis to a class of (modified) inhomogeneous Hall-Littlewood ($\imath$HL) functions. The (modified) $\imath$HL functions admit a formulation via raising and lowering operators. We formulate and prove Pieri rules for (modified) $\imath$HL functions. The modified $\imath$HL functions specialize at $\theta=0$ to the modified HL functions; they specialize at $\theta=1$ to the deformed universal characters of type C, which further specialize at $(t=0, \theta =1)$ to the universal characters of type C.