Online smart charging algorithm with asynchronous electric vehicles demand

TL;DR

This paper introduces an online EV charging scheduling algorithm that adapts to asynchronous vehicle arrivals and departures, aiming to smooth demand and optimize grid integration with a smart pricing scheme.

Contribution

It proposes a novel online scheduling algorithm based on water filling and a dynamic pricing model for EV charging, addressing asynchronous vehicle demand in real-time.

Findings

The online algorithm performs close to the offline optimal in simulations.

The proposed pricing scheme effectively incentivizes demand smoothing.

Numerical results demonstrate improved demand management over traditional methods.

Abstract

The increasing penetration of Electric Vehicles (EVs) and renewable energies into the grid necessitates tools to smooth the demand curve. To this end, this paper suggests an EV charging scheduling algorithm and a smart charging price. As EVs arrive at the charging station and leave at different times, the operator of the station applies at each EV arrival an online scheduling algorithm based on the concept of "water filling. The EV charging price is guaranteed at their arrival and defined as a function of the online algorithm's output, following the idea of locational marginal pricing. A numerical comparison with the offline version of the algorithm -- in which the operator knows in advance all future arrival and departure times -- shows the efficiency of the suggested online scheduling algorithm.