Effects of dark energy on dynamic phase transition of charged AdS black holes

TL;DR

This paper investigates how quintessence dark energy influences the dynamic phase transition of charged AdS black holes, revealing effects on transition rates and stability through probabilistic and analytical methods.

Contribution

It is the first study to analyze the impact of dark energy on the dynamic phase transition of charged AdS black holes using Fokker-Planck equations and Gibbs free energy landscape.

Findings

L-shaped Gibbs free energy landscape with double wells at phase transition.

Faster decay of black hole states with increasing dark energy parameter.

Dark energy parameter $\omega_q$ significantly affects transition dynamics.

Abstract

Searching for the effect of quintessence dark energy on the kinetics of black hole phase transition, we investigate in detail the dynamic phase transition of charged AdS black holes surrounded by quintessence in this paper. Based on the Gibbs free energy landscape, we obtain the analytic expression of the corresponding Gibbs free energy. As shown in $G_L-r_+$ curve at the phase transition temperature, there exist double wells with the same depth, providing further support on the finding in the former literature. By numerically solving the Fokker-Planck equation with both the initial condition and reflecting boundary condition imposed, we probe the probabilistic evolution of charged AdS black holes surrounded by quintessence. The peak denoting the initial black hole state gradually decreases while the other peak starts to grow from zero, approaching to be a stationary distribution in the long time limit with two peaks denoting the large and small black holes respectively. We also study the first passage process of charged AdS black holes surrounded by quintessence and discuss the relevant quantities. We resolve the Fokker-Planck equation by adding the absorbing boundary condition for the intermediate transition state. It is shown intuitively that the peaks located at the large (small) black hole decay very rapidly, irrespective of the initial black hole state. In all the procedures above, we have compared the cases with different choices of the state parameter of quintessence dark energy $\omega_q$. The larger $\omega_q$ is, the faster the initial black hole state decays, showing the effect of quintessence dark energy. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first probe on the influence of dark energy on the dynamic phase transition of charged AdS black hole.