Effective string description of the confining flux tube at finite temperature

TL;DR

This paper reviews how effective string theory models the behavior of the confining flux tube at finite temperature, accurately predicting universal features near the deconfinement transition in pure gauge theories.

Contribution

It demonstrates that effective string theory can predict universal features of confinement at finite temperature and aligns well with conformal invariance and dimensional reduction near the deconfinement point.

Findings

Universal ratios like T_c/√σ_0 are predicted by EST.

Flux tube width increases linearly with interquark distance.

EST predictions agree with conformal invariance near deconfinement.

Abstract

In this review, after a general introduction to the effective string theory (EST) description of confinement in pure gauge theories, we discuss the behaviour of EST as the temperature is increased. We show that, as the deconfinement point is approached from below, several universal features of confining gauge theories, like the ratio $T_c/\sqrt{\sigma_0}$, the linear increase of the squared width of the flux tube with the interquark distance, or the Temperature dependence of the interquark potential, can be accurately predicted by the effective string. Moreover in the vicinity of the deconfinement point the EST behaviour turns out to be in good agreement with what predicted by conformal invariance or by dimensional reduction, thus further supporting the validity of and EST approach to confinement.