Multiferroics and beyond: electric properties of different magnetic textures

TL;DR

This survey explores the coupling of electric and magnetic properties in solids, focusing on effects beyond traditional multiferroics, such as electric activity in magnetic textures like skyrmions and monopoles, with potential applications.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of nontrivial electric phenomena in magnetic textures beyond multiferroics, highlighting mechanisms and experimental implications.

Findings

Electric dipoles appear on magnetic monopoles in spin ice.

Magnetic monopoles can emerge on electric charges in magnetoelectrics.

Magnetic textures exhibit unique electric properties with potential technological applications.

Abstract

This article presents a survey of many nontrivial effects connected with the coupling of electric and magnetic degrees of freedom in solids -- the field initiated by I.~E.~Dzyaloshinskii in 1959. I briefly consider the main physics of ultiferroic materials, and concentrate on different effects "beyond multiferroics", based on the same physical mechanisms which operate in multiferroics. In particular they lead to nontrivial electric properties of different magnetic textures -- such as the appearance of dipoles on magnetic monopoles in spin ice, dipoles on some domain walls in the usual ferromagnets, on skyrmions etc. The inverse effect, the appearance of magnetic monopoles on electric charges in magnetoelectrics, is also discussed. This nontrivial electric activity of different magnetic textures has manifestations in many experimental properties of these materials, and it can potentially lead to novel applications.