Global existence of a solution for isentropic gas flow in the Laval nozzle with a friction

TL;DR

This paper investigates the mathematical behavior of isentropic gas flow in a Laval nozzle with friction, demonstrating global solution existence and analyzing the shift of sonic states due to friction effects.

Contribution

The paper introduces a new invariant region and difference scheme to prove global existence of solutions for gas flow with friction, addressing a complex problem previously limited to restrictive results.

Findings

Established global existence of solutions with friction

Identified the downstream shift of sonic states due to friction

Developed a new difference scheme incorporating mass dependence

Abstract

We are concerned with isentropic gas flow in the Laval nozzle with a friction due to viscosity. It is well known that the flow attains the sonic state at the throat, where the cross section is minimum in the Laval nozzle. However, the present friction changes the position of the sonic state into downstream, which is called chooking. Our goal in this paper is to investigate this phenomena mathematically. From the mathematical point of view, the friction is different from normal frictions and difficult to treat with. In spite of its physical importance, the friction has not received much attention until now. For the case without friction, the global existence of a solution was obtained by author. However, for the case with the friction, there are only restrictive results. The most difficult point is to obtain the bounded estimate of solutions. To solve this problem, we introduce an invariant region depending on the mass. Adjusting the invariant region, we invent a new difference scheme, which yields approximate solutions including the mass.