Day-Ahead and Intra-Day Planning of Integrated BESS-PV Systems providing Frequency Regulation

TL;DR

This paper presents an optimal management strategy for integrated BESS-PV systems that simultaneously deliver photovoltaic energy and primary frequency regulation, using stochastic optimization for day-ahead and intra-day control.

Contribution

It introduces a two-level control architecture with stochastic optimization to manage uncertainties in photovoltaic generation and frequency dynamics.

Findings

Effective scheduling of energy trading at day-ahead market.

Reliable primary frequency regulation provision.

Adaptive intra-day correction improves system performance.

Abstract

The paper proposes an optimal management strategy for a system composed by a battery and a photovoltaic power plant. This integrated system is called to deliver the photovoltaic power and to simultaneously provide droop-based primary frequency regulation to the main grid. The battery state-of-energy is controlled by power offset signals, which are determined using photovoltaic energy generation forecasts and predictions of the energy required to operate frequency regulation. A two level control architecture is developed. A day-ahead planning algorithm schedules the energy profile which is traded at the day-ahead market and defines the primary control reserve that the integrated system is able to provide in the considered day. During the day operations, a second level algorithm corrects the dispatched plan using updated information, in order to guarantee a continuous and reliable service. Both control algorithms take into account the uncertainties of the photovoltaic generation and of the frequency dynamics using stochastic optimization.