Detecting and reconstructing gravitational waves from the next Galactic core-collapse supernova in the Advanced Detector Era

TL;DR

This paper evaluates the detectability of gravitational waves from galactic supernovae using advanced detectors and the coherent WaveBurst algorithm, highlighting the potential detection range and reconstruction challenges for various explosion models.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of gravitational wave detectability from supernovae with upcoming detector sensitivities, emphasizing the role of minimal-assumption algorithms like coherent WaveBurst.

Findings

Detectable up to 10 kpc for neutrino-driven explosions

Detection over 100 kpc for rapidly rotating progenitors

Reconstruction is challenging for long-duration and black hole forming signals

Abstract

We performed a detailed analysis of the detectability of a wide range of gravitational waves derived from core-collapse supernova simulations using gravitational-wave detector noise scaled to the sensitivity of the upcoming fourth and fifth observing runs of the Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo, and KAGRA. We use the coherent WaveBurst algorithm, which was used in the previous observing runs to search for gravitational waves from core-collapse supernovae. As coherent WaveBurst makes minimal assumptions on the morphology of a gravitational-wave signal, it can play an important role in the first detection of gravitational waves from an event in the Milky Way. We predict that signals from neutrino-driven explosions could be detected up to an average distance of 10 kpc, and distances of over 100 kpc can be reached for explosions of rapidly rotating progenitor stars. An estimated minimum signal-to-noise ratio of 10-25 is needed for the signals to be detected. We quantify the accuracy of the waveforms reconstructed with coherent WaveBurst and we determine that the most challenging signals to reconstruct are those produced in long-duration neutrino-driven explosions and models that form black holes a few seconds after the core bounce.