Roles of positively charged dust, ion fluid temperature, and nonthermal electrons in the formation of modified-ion-acoustic solitary and shock waves

TL;DR

This paper investigates how positively charged dust, ion temperature, and nonthermal electrons influence the formation of modified-ion-acoustic solitary and shock waves in dusty plasmas, revealing new roles and conditions for their existence.

Contribution

It introduces the effects of positively charged dust, ion temperature, and nonthermal electrons on wave formation, highlighting their roles in subsonic and supersonic solitary and shock waves.

Findings

Positively charged dust favors subsonic wave formation.

Ion temperature and nonthermal electrons influence wave speed and potential.

Certain parameters lead to negative potential solitary and shock waves.

Abstract

The dusty plasma system (containing nonthermally distributed inertialess electron species, warm inertial ion species, and positively charged stationary dust species) is considered. The basic features of subsonic and supersonic modified-ion-acoustic solitary and shock waves formed in such a dusty plasma system have been investigated by the reductive perturbation method. It has been shown that positively charged dust species play a new role in favor of the formation of subsonic solitary and shock waves. On the other hand, the ion fluid temperature (represented by the parameter $\sigma$) and the electron nonthermal parameter (represented by $\alpha$) play new significant roles against the formation of subsonic solitary and shock waves and give rise to the formation of the supersonic solitary and shock waves after their ($\sigma$'s and $\alpha$'s) certain values. It is also shown that after a certain value of the nonthermal parameter $\alpha$, the subsonic as well as supersonic solitary and shock waves are formed with negative potential. The important applications of the results of this theoretical investigation in space and laboratory dusty plasma systems are pinpointed.