The gravitational form factor D(t) of the electron

TL;DR

This paper investigates the gravitational form factor D(t) of the electron within QED, analyzing its properties, internal force interpretation, and effects of a nonzero photon mass at one-loop accuracy, with comparisons to hadronic states.

Contribution

It provides a detailed one-loop QED calculation of the electron's gravitational form factor D(t), including separate electron and photon contributions and the impact of a nonzero photon mass.

Findings

Calculated D(t) at one-loop in QED.

Analyzed internal force interpretation of D(t).

Compared electron D(t) with hadronic form factors.

Abstract

The electron-graviton interaction can be described in terms of the gravitational form factors of the QED energy momentum tensor. Here we focus on the form factor D(t), and we examine its properties and its interpretation in terms of internal forces at one-loop accuracy in QED. We perform the calculation by keeping separate the contributions due to the electron and the photon parts of the energy momentum tensor. We also study the case of a nonzero photon mass. Furthermore, we discuss similarities with and differences to the form factor D(t) of hadronic bound states.