DenResCov-19: A deep transfer learning network for robust automatic classification of COVID-19, pneumonia, and tuberculosis from X-rays

TL;DR

This paper introduces DenResCov-19, a novel deep transfer learning network that combines DenseNet and ResNet with an added convolutional layer to improve classification accuracy of COVID-19, pneumonia, and tuberculosis from chest X-ray images.

Contribution

The paper proposes a new deep transfer learning model that integrates DenseNet and ResNet with an extra convolutional layer, achieving superior performance in multi-class lung disease classification.

Findings

Successfully classified COVID-19, pneumonia, and tuberculosis from X-rays.

Outperformed benchmark networks like DenseNet, ResNet, and Inception-V3.

Effective across multiple classification scenarios and datasets.

Abstract

The global pandemic of COVID-19 is continuing to have a significant effect on the well-being of global population, increasing the demand for rapid testing, diagnosis, and treatment. Along with COVID-19, other etiologies of pneumonia and tuberculosis constitute additional challenges to the medical system. In this regard, the objective of this work is to develop a new deep transfer learning pipeline to diagnose patients with COVID-19, pneumonia, and tuberculosis, based on chest x-ray images. We observed in some instances DenseNet and Resnet have orthogonal performances. In our proposed model, we have created an extra layer with convolutional neural network blocks to combine these two models to establish superior performance over either model. The same strategy can be useful in other applications where two competing networks with complementary performance are observed. We have tested the performance of our proposed network on two-class (pneumonia vs healthy), three-class (including COVID-19), and four-class (including tuberculosis) classification problems. The proposed network has been able to successfully classify these lung diseases in all four datasets and has provided significant improvement over the benchmark networks of DenseNet, ResNet, and Inception-V3. These novel findings can deliver a state-of-the-art pre-screening fast-track decision network to detect COVID-19 and other lung pathologies.