Analytical results for the low-temperature Drude weight of the XXZ spin chain

TL;DR

This paper derives analytical low-temperature expressions for the Drude weight in the XXZ spin chain, revealing fractal and non-fractal dependencies on anisotropy using thermodynamic Bethe ansatz and field theory.

Contribution

It provides the first analytical low-temperature formulas for the Drude weight at specific anisotropies, combining Bethe ansatz and field theory methods.

Findings

Drude weight decreases as T^2K-2 at low temperatures.

Prefactor a(Δ) exhibits fractal dependence on anisotropy Δ.

Analytic low-temperature asymptotics valid for -1<Δ<1.

Abstract

The spin-$1/2$ XXZ chain is an integrable lattice model and parts of its spin current can be protected by local conservation laws for anisotropies $-1<\Delta<1$. In this case, the Drude weight $D(T)$ is non-zero at finite temperatures $T$. Here we obtain analytical results for $D(T)$ at low temperatures for zero external magnetic field and anisotropies $\Delta=\cos(n\pi/m)$ with $n,m$ coprime integers, using the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz. We show that to leading orders $D(T)=D(0)-a(\Delta)T^{2K-2}-b_1(\Delta)T^2$ where $K$ is the Luttinger parameter and the prefactor $a(\Delta)$, obtained in closed form, has a fractal structure as function of anisotropy $\Delta$. The prefactor $b_1(\Delta)$, on the other hand, does not have a fractal structure and can be obtained in a standard field-theoretical approach. Including both temperature corrections, we obtain an analytic result for the low-temperature asymptotics of the Drude weight in the entire regime $-1<\Delta=\cos(n\pi/m)<1$.