Inverse Faraday Effect for Superconducting Condensates

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that superconducting condensates exhibit a temperature-dependent dc magnetic moment under circularly polarized light, analyzed through a phenomenological Ginzburg-Landau model linking inverse Faraday and Hall effects.

Contribution

It introduces a theoretical framework for the inverse Faraday effect in superconductors using the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau model, highlighting the role of the imaginary relaxation time.

Findings

Superconducting condensates develop a dc magnetic moment under circularly polarized radiation.

The magnetic response depends on the nonzero imaginary part of the GL relaxation time.

A connection between the inverse Faraday effect and the Hall effect in superconductors is established.

Abstract

The Cooper pairs in superconducting condensates are shown to acquire a temperature-dependent dc magnetic moment under the effect of the circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation. The mechanisms of this inverse Faraday effect are investigated within the simplest version of the phenomenological dynamic theory for superfluids, namely, the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau (GL) model. The light-induced magnetic moment is shown to be strongly affected by the nondissipative oscillatory contribution to the superconducting order parameter dynamics which appears due to the nonzero imaginary part of the GL relaxation time. The relevance of the latter quantity to the Hall effect in superconducting state allows to establish the connection between the direct and inverse Faraday phenomena.