Detecting Bosonic Dark Matter with Neutron Stars

TL;DR

This paper proposes that neutron star spectroscopy could detect bosonic dark matter interactions that are too weak for direct detection, significantly improving sensitivity and advancing dark matter research.

Contribution

It introduces a novel method using neutron stars to detect bosonic dark matter, especially in cases with velocity and momentum suppressed interactions.

Findings

Neutron star spectroscopy can surpass direct detection sensitivity.

Scalar and vector bosonic dark matter interactions are analyzed.

Potential to improve detection sensitivity by orders of magnitude.

Abstract

What if the dark matter-nucleon scattering cross section is too small to be detected by direct detection experiments? It is well known in the literature that some interactions lead to dark matter-nucleon scattering cross sections that can be velocity and momentum suppressed. We show that in the case of bosonic dark matter, neutron star spectroscopy offers a possible detection. Firstly, we discuss the case of scalar dark matter with scalar, pseudoscalar, and vector mediators. Later, we do this exercise for vector dark matter. We show that, depending on the nature of dark matter and the interaction involved, neutron stars can improve the sensitivity on the dark matter-nucleon scattering cross section by orders of magnitude, representing a major step forward in the dark matter siege.