A test of cosmic distance duality relation using SPT-SZ galaxy clusters, Type Ia supernovae, and cosmic chronometers

TL;DR

This study tests the cosmic distance duality relation using galaxy clusters, supernovae, and cosmic chronometers, finding results consistent with the relation within 1 sigma across multiple methods.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive multi-method approach to test the cosmic distance duality relation using diverse observational data.

Findings

Results are consistent with the cosmic distance duality relation within 1 sigma.

Multiple independent methods yield compatible estimates of luminosity distances.

The analysis confirms the validity of CDDR across different reconstruction techniques.

Abstract

We carry out a test of the cosmic distance duality relation using a sample of 52 SPT-SZ clusters, along with X-ray measurements from XMM-Newton. To carry out this test, we need an estimate of the luminosity distance ($D_L$) at the redshift of the cluster. For this purpose, we use three independent methods: directly using $D_L$ from the closest Type Ia Supernovae from the Union 2.1 sample, non-parametric reconstruction of $D_L$ using the same Union 2.1 sample, and finally using $H(z)$ measurements from cosmic chronometers and reconstructing $D_L$ using Gaussian Process regression. We use four different functions to characterize the deviations from CDDR. All our results for these ($4 \times 3$) analyses are consistent with CDDR to within 1$\sigma$.