A Study on Mars Probe Failures

TL;DR

This paper analyzes failures of Mars probes launched from 1960 to 2020, identifying common failure modes and lessons learned to improve future mission success.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive characterization of Mars probe failures over six decades, highlighting key factors affecting mission outcomes and suggesting improvements in testing and design.

Findings

Effective integration and testing practices identified

Common failure modes include communication and guidance system issues

Lessons learned can enhance future Mars exploration missions

Abstract

The long term dreams to approach Mars requires numerous spacecraft attempts for exploration as well as to understand the perception of the red planet. Before launching a mission, the space probe undergoes critical ground testing and effective preparation. Though probes were carefully tested and validated, many experiences temporary or permanent setbacks prior to their final state of mission accomplishment, resulting in the failure of the mission. In order to figure out the problems concerning probe malfunction or failure, we conducted a study on failed Mars probes that are launched between 1960 to 2020. The probes were characterized to determine various modes of failure and their impact on the missions. The results of our study from past probes showed effective integration and testing, sterling fabrication and validation of space probes, adequate software design, feasible recovery options, and novel guidance to probe computers and communication systems.