Diamond quantum thermometry: From foundations to applications

TL;DR

Diamond quantum thermometry uses defect centers in diamonds for highly precise, robust temperature measurements across wide ranges, with applications in electronics and biology, leveraging spin and optical methods.

Contribution

This review comprehensively covers the principles, material development, and diverse applications of diamond quantum thermometry, highlighting recent advances and technological demands.

Findings

Operates over wide temperature ranges

Enables nanoscale temperature measurements

Applicable in electronics and biological systems

Abstract

Diamond quantum thermometry exploits the optical and electrical spin properties of colour defect centres in diamonds and, acts as a quantum sensing method exhibiting ultrahigh precision and robustness. Compared to the existing luminescent nanothermometry techniques, a diamond quantum thermometer can be operated over a wide temperature range and a sensor spatial scale ranging from nanometres to micrometres. Further, diamond quantum thermometry is employed in several application, including electronics and biology, to explore these fields with nanoscale temperature measurements. This review covers the operational principles of diamond quantum thermometry for spin-based and all-optical methods, material development of diamonds with a focus on thermometry, and examples of applications in electrical and biological systems with demand-based technological requirements.