A computational fluid dynamics model for the small-scale dynamics of wave, ice floe and interstitial grease ice interaction

TL;DR

This paper introduces a detailed computational fluid dynamics model to simulate small-scale interactions between waves, ice floes, and grease ice in the marginal ice zone, capturing heterogeneity and dynamic responses.

Contribution

It presents a novel CFD approach that models heterogeneous sea ice composition and wave-ice interactions at a finer scale than traditional large-scale models.

Findings

Discrepancy between stress and strain rate increases with decreasing wave period.

Strain rate and viscosity are influenced by ice floe shape and size variability.

Model results align with realistic sea ice layouts.

Abstract

The marginal ice zone is a highly dynamical region where sea ice and ocean waves interact. Large-scale sea ice models only compute domain-averaged responses. As the majority of the marginal ice zone consists of mobile ice floes surrounded by grease ice, finer-scale modelling is needed to resolve variations of its mechanical properties, wave-induced pressure gradients and drag forces acting on the ice floes. A novel computational fluid dynamics approach is presented, that considers the heterogeneous sea ice material composition and accounts for the wave-ice interaction dynamics. Results show, after comparing three realistic sea ice layouts with similar concentration and floe diameter, that the discrepancy between the domain-averaged temporal stress and strain rate evolutions increases for decreasing wave period. Furthermore, strain rate and viscosity are mostly affected by the variability of ice floe shape and diameter.