On the Dynamics of the Jet Wiping Process: Numerical Simulations and Modal Analysis

TL;DR

This paper combines advanced 3D simulations and multiscale modal analysis to investigate the complex gas-liquid interactions in jet wiping, providing insights into wave formation and validating assumptions in coating process models.

Contribution

It introduces a novel combination of LES, VOF, and multiscale modal analysis to study jet wiping dynamics and wave formation mechanisms.

Findings

Identified dominant traveling wave patterns in the liquid film.

Revealed a 2D wave formation mechanism in the coating process.

Validated critical assumptions in integral film models.

Abstract

We analyze the flow of a planar gas jet impinging on a thin film, dragged by a vertical moving wall. In the coating industry, this configuration is known as jet wiping, a process in which impinging jets control the thickness of liquid coatings on flat plates withdrawn vertically from a coating bath. We present three-dimensional (3D) two-phase flow simulations combining Large Eddy Simulation (LES) and Volume of Fluid (VOF). Three wiping configurations are simulated and the results are validated with experimental data from previous works. Multiscale modal analysis is used to analyze the dynamic interaction between the gas flow and the liquid film. In particular, we present a combination of Multiscale Proper Orthogonal decomposition (mPOD) and correlation analysis. The mPOD is used to identify the dominant travelling wave pattern in the liquid film flow, and the temporal structures are used to determine the most correlated flow features in the gas jet. This allows for revealing a two-dimensional (2D) mechanism for wave formation in the liquid coat. Finally, we use the numerical results to analyze the validity of some of the critical assumptions underpinning the derivation of integral film models of jet wiping.