Surface NMR using quantum sensors in diamond

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates the use of nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond as quantum sensors to perform surface-sensitive NMR, enabling real-time monitoring of surface chemistry with high sensitivity and reduced complexity.

Contribution

It introduces a novel surface NMR technique using quantum sensors in diamond, achieving sub-monolayer sensitivity for in-situ surface analysis.

Findings

Real-time monitoring of SAM formation on aluminum oxide surfaces.

Detection of NMR signals from chemically modified surfaces.

Quantum sensors enable surface NMR with reduced technical complexity.

Abstract

Characterization of the molecular properties of surfaces under ambient or chemically reactive conditions is a fundamental scientific challenge. Moreover, many traditional analytical techniques used for probing surfaces often lack dynamic or molecular selectivity, which limits their applicability for mechanistic and kinetic studies under realistic chemical conditions. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) is a widely used technique and would be ideal for probing interfaces due to the molecular information it provides noninvasively. However, it lacks the sensitivity to probe the small number of spins at surfaces. Here, we use nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond as quantum sensors to optically detect nuclear magnetic resonance signals from chemically modified aluminum oxide surfaces, prepared with atomic layer deposition (ALD). With the surface NV-NMR technique, we are able to monitor in real-time the formation kinetics of a self assembled monolayer (SAM) based on phosphonate anchoring chemistry to the surface. This demonstrates the capability of quantum sensors as a new surface-sensitive tool with sub-monolayer sensitivity for in-situ NMR analysis with the additional advantage of a strongly reduced technical complexity.