Public transport users versus private vehicle users: differences about quality of service, satisfaction and attitudes toward public transport in Madrid (Spain)

TL;DR

This study analyzes factors influencing private vehicle users' intentions to switch to public transport in Madrid, identifying key differences in perceptions and attitudes to inform policy strategies.

Contribution

It provides a detailed comparison of public transport and private vehicle users' perceptions using 26 indicators and segment-specific models, offering new insights for policy development.

Findings

Significant differences in attitudes towards public transport among user segments.

Indicators like proximity and intermodality show consistent differences across segments.

Certain perceptions such as punctuality and low-income status show no significant difference.

Abstract

This paper aims to further understand the main factors influencing the behavioural intentions (BI) of private vehicle users towards public transport to provide policymakers and public transport operators with the tools they need to attract more private vehicle users. As service quality, satisfaction and attitudes towards public transport are considered the main motivational forces behind the BI of public transport users, this research analyses 26 indicators frequently associated with these constructs for both public transport users and private vehicle users. Non-parametric tests and ordinal logit models have been applied to an online survey asked in Madrid's metropolitan area with a sample size of 1,025 respondents (525 regular public transport users and 500 regular private vehicle users). In order to achieve a comprehensive analysis and to deal with heterogeneity in perceptions, 338 models have been developed for the entire sample and for 12 users' segments. The results led to the identification of indicators with no significant differences between public transport and private vehicle users in any of the segments being considered (punctuality, information and low-income), as well as those that did show significant differences in all the segments (proximity, intermodality, save time and money, and lifestyle). The main differences between public transport and private vehicle users were found in the attitudes towards public transport and for certain user segments (residents in the city centre, males, young, with university qualification and with incomes above 2,700EUR/month). Findings from this study can be used to develop policies and recommendations for persuading more private vehicle users to use the public transport services.