Optimally coordinated traffic diversion by statistical physics

TL;DR

This paper applies statistical physics to develop analytical results and algorithms for optimally coordinating vehicle routes after road blockages, significantly reducing travel costs and improving traffic flow.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach using the cavity method to optimize and coordinate traffic diversion, outperforming uncoordinated strategies.

Findings

Coordinated diversion reduces travel cost increase by up to 66%.

Number of alternative routes crucially affects diversion efficiency.

Travel distance can decrease even as travel cost increases in some scenarios.

Abstract

Road accidents or maintenance often lead to the blockage of roads, causing severe traffic congestion. Diverted routes after road blockage are often decided individually and have no coordination. Here, we employ the cavity approach in statistical physics to obtain both analytical results and optimization algorithms to optimally divert and coordinate individual vehicle routes after road blockage. Depending on the number and the location of the blocked roads, we found that there can be a significant change in traveling path of individual vehicles, and a large increase in the average traveling distance and cost. Interestingly, traveling distance decreases but traveling cost increases for some instances of diverted traffic. By comparing networks with different topology and connectivity, we observe that the number of alternative routes play a crucial role in suppressing the increase in traveling cost after road blockage. We tested our algorithm using the England highway network and found that coordinated diversion can suppress the increase in traveling cost by as much as 66$\%$ in the scenarios studied. These results reveal the advantages brought by the optimally coordinated traffic diversion after road blockage.