Gliner Vacuum, Self-consistent Theory of Ruppeiner Geometry for Regular Black Holes

TL;DR

This paper develops a self-consistent thermodynamic and geometric framework for regular black holes based on the Gliner vacuum, revealing universal microstructure properties and interaction behaviors.

Contribution

It introduces a modified first law of thermodynamics for regular black holes and constructs a Ruppeiner geometry theory that uncovers universal microstructure characteristics.

Findings

Universal attractive property of black hole microstructure

Analysis of internal and external interaction types

Restoration of thermodynamic-variable correspondence

Abstract

In the view of the Gliner vacuum, we remove the deformations in the first law of mechanics for regular black holes, where one part of deformations associated with black hole mass will be absorbed into enthalpy or internal energy, and the other part associated with parameters rather than mass will constitute a natural $V$-$P$ term. The improved first law of mechanics redisplays its resemblance to the first law of thermodynamic systems, which implies a restored correspondence of the mechanic variables to the thermodynamic ones. In particular, the linear relation between the entropy and horizon area remains unchanged for regular black holes. Based on the modified first law of thermodynamics, we establish a self-consistent theory of Ruppeiner geometry and obtain a universal attractive property for the microstructure of regular black holes. In addition, the repulsive and attractive interactions inside and outside regular black holes are analyzed in detail.