Cosmology with Standard Sirens at Cosmic Noon
Christine Ye, Maya Fishbach

TL;DR
This paper explores how future gravitational wave detectors can measure cosmological parameters using standard sirens at high redshifts, leveraging independent observations of BNS mergers to improve constraints on dark energy and modified gravity.
Contribution
It introduces a method to use independent BNS redshift measurements from gamma-ray bursts and kilonovae to enhance cosmological inference with gravitational wave standard sirens at cosmic noon.
Findings
Approximately 10,000 events could measure H0, Omega_M combination to sub-tenth percent.
Method can constrain dark energy equation of state to 5% accuracy.
Planck mass running parameter c_M can be measured to ±0.02.
Abstract
Gravitational waves (GWs) directly measure the luminosity distance to the merger, which, when combined with an independent measurement of the source's redshift, provides a novel probe of cosmology. The proposed next generation of ground-based GW detectors, Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer, will detect tens of thousands of binary neutron stars (BNSs) out to cosmological distances (), beyond the peak of the star formation rate (SFR), or "cosmic noon." At these distances, it will be challenging to measure the sources' redshifts by observing electromagnetic (EM) counterparts or statistically marginalizing over a galaxy catalog. In the absence of an EM counterpart or galaxy catalog, Ding et al. showed that theoretical priors on the merger redshift distribution can be used to infer parameters in a CDM cosmology. We argue that in the BNS case, the redshift distribution will be…
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