Ground State Microwave-Stimulated Raman Transitions and Adiabatic Spin Transfer in the $^{15}$Nitrogen-Vacancy Center

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates microwave-stimulated Raman transitions and adiabatic spin transfer in the ground state of a single NV center, providing a new method for coherent spin manipulation with improved robustness.

Contribution

It introduces and experimentally verifies the use of SRT and STIRAP techniques for controlling NV center spins, highlighting the advantages of STIRAP over SRT.

Findings

Successful population inversion via dipole-forbidden transition

STIRAP shows greater robustness and success rate than SRT

Theoretical framework matches experimental results

Abstract

Microwave pulse sequences are the basis of coherent manipulation of the electronic spin ground state in nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers. In this work we demonstrate stimulated Raman transitions (SRT) and stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP), two ways to drive the dipole-forbidden transition between two spin sublevels in the electronic triplet ground state of the NV center. This is achieved by a multitone Raman microwave pulse which simultaneously drives two detuned transitions via a virtual level for SRT or via two adiabatic and partially overlapping resonant microwave pulses for STIRAP. We lay the theoretical framework of SRT and STIRAP dynamics and verify experimentally the theoretical predictions of population inversion by observing the dipole-forbidden transition in the ground state of a single NV center. A comparison of the two schemes showed a better robustness and success of the spin swap for STIRAP as compared to SRT.