Cosmological constraints of interacting phantom dark energy models

TL;DR

This paper investigates three interacting phantom dark energy models, analyzing their cosmological implications, singularities, and observational constraints using MCMC methods and model comparison criteria.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of interacting phantom dark energy models, constrains their parameters with observational data, and compares their viability using AICc.

Findings

Interaction affects the evolution of cosmological parameters.

Models can alleviate or modify future singularities.

Comparison shows differences in model fit quality.

Abstract

In this paper, we consider three phantom dark energy models, in the context of interaction between the dark components namely cold dark matter (CDM) and dark energy (DE). The first model, known as $w_{\textrm{d}}$CDM can induce a big rip singularity (BR) while the two remaining induce future abrupt events known as the Little Rip (LR) and Little Sibling of the Big Rip (LSBR). These phantom DE models can be distinguished by their equation of state. We invoke a new phenomenon such as the interaction between CDM and DE given that it could solve or alleviate some of the problems encountered in standard cosmology. We aim to find out the effect of such an interaction on the cosmological parameters of the studied models, as well as, the persistence or the disappearance of the singularity and the abrupt events induced by the models under study. We choose an interaction term proportional to DE density, i.e. $Q=\lambda H \rho_{\textrm{d}}$, since the case where $Q\propto \rho_{\textrm{m}}$ could lead to a large scale instability at early time. We also do not claim at all that $Q=\lambda H \rho_{\textrm{d}}$ is the ideal choice since it suffers from a negative CDM density in the future. By the use of a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach, and by assuming a flat FLRW Universe, we constrain the cosmological parameters of each of the three phantom DE models studied. Furthermore, by the aid of the corrected Akaike Information Criterion ($\text{AIC}_{c}$) tool, we compare our phantom DE models. Finally, a perturbative analysis of phantom DE models under consideration is performed based on the best fit background parameters.