A Theory for Analysis of Pulse Electromagnetic Radiation

TL;DR

This paper develops a new theoretical framework for analyzing pulse electromagnetic radiation, introducing definitions for reactive and radiative energies, and proposing a new radiative power flux vector that improves upon the Poynting vector.

Contribution

The paper presents a novel theory for analyzing pulse electromagnetic radiation, including new definitions and a radiative power flux vector that better characterizes radiative energy transfer.

Findings

The proposed radiative flux density outperforms the Poynting vector in representing radiative power flux.

Power balance at observation surfaces is established using the new definitions of reactive and radiative energies.

Numerical results confirm the accuracy of the new radiative energy calculations.

Abstract

A theory for analyzing the radiative and reactive energies for pulse radiators in free space is presented. With the proposed definition of reactive energies and radiative energies, power balance at arbitrarily chosen observation surfaces are established, which intuitively shows that the Poynting vector contains not only the power flux density associated with the radiative energies, but also the influence of the fluctuation of the reactive energies dragging by the sources. A new vector is defined for the radiative power flux density. The radiative energies passing through observation surfaces enclosing the radiator are accurately calculated. Numerical results verifies that the proposed radiative flux density is more proper for expressing the radiative power flux density than the Poynting vector.