OpenCV2X: Modelling of the V2X Cellular Sidelink and Performance Evaluation for Aperiodic Traffic

TL;DR

This paper introduces OpenCV2X, an open-source simulation model for 3GPP Release 14 C-V2X sidelink, and evaluates its performance with aperiodic traffic, revealing limitations of current scheduling methods and exploring potential coexistence strategies.

Contribution

The paper provides the first open-source simulation model of 3GPP Release 14 C-V2X sidelink and offers an in-depth evaluation of aperiodic scheduling mechanisms for vehicular communication.

Findings

Current sidelink scheduling performs poorly with highly aperiodic traffic.

Dedicated per-packet scheduling improves performance for aperiodic messages.

Application-level aperiodicity significantly affects scheduling effectiveness.

Abstract

This paper presents OpenCV2X, the first publicly available, open-source simulation model of the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release 14 Cellular Vehicle to Everything (C-V2X) sidelink, which forms the basis for 5G NR Mode 2 under later releases. This model is fully compliant with the existing vehicular service and application layers, including messaging sets as defined by the automotive and standards communities providing a fully standardised, cross-layer communication model. Using this model, we show how the current sidelink scheduling mechanism performs poorly when scheduling applications with highly aperiodic communication characteristics, such as ETSI Cooperative Awareness Messages (CAMs). We then provide the first indepth evaluation of dedicated per-packet aperiodic scheduling mechanisms, in contrast to schemes that parameterise the existing algorithm. This paper highlights that the level of aperiodicity exhibited by the application model greatly impacts scheduling performance. Finally, we analyse how such scheduling mechanisms might co-exist.