Geometrical properties of the interaction between oblique incoming coronal waves and coronal holes

TL;DR

This paper develops a theoretical framework using linear theory to analytically describe the geometrical and energetic properties of secondary waves generated when coronal waves interact obliquely with coronal holes, aiding interpretation of observational data.

Contribution

It introduces new analytical expressions for reflection and transmission coefficients and incidence angles, enhancing understanding of CW-CH interactions beyond previous simulations.

Findings

Derived formulas for wave reflection and transmission.

Provided analytical criteria for incidence angles affecting energy flux.

Tools for better interpretation of observational data.

Abstract

Observations of coronal waves (CWs) interacting with coronal holes (CHs) show the formation of typical wave-like features, such as reflected, refracted and transmitted waves (collectively, secondary waves). In accordance with these observations, numerical evidence for the wave characteristics of CWs is given by simulations which demonstrate effects of deflection and reflection when a CW interacts with regions exhibiting a sudden density drop, such as CHs. However, secondary waves are usually weak in their signal and simulations are limited in the way the according idealisations have to be chosen. Hence, several properties of the secondary waves during a CW-CH interaction are unclear or ambiguous and might lead to misinterpretations. In this study we follow a theoretical approach and focus in particular on the geometrical properties of secondary waves caused by the interaction between oblique incoming CWs and CHs. Based on a linear theory, we derive analytical expressions for reflection and transmission coefficients, which tell us how strongly the amplitudes of the secondary waves increase and decrease with respect to the incoming wave, respectively. Additionally, we provide analytical terms for crucial incidence angles that are capable of giving information about the energy flux, the phase and the reflection properties of the secondary waves. These novel expressions provide a supplementary tool for estimating CW properties in a fast and straightforward way and, therefore, might have relevant consequences for a possible new interpretation of already studied CW-CH interaction events and the clarification of ambiguous observational data.