A novel strategy for searching for $C\!P$ violations in the baryon sector

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new, model-independent method using partial wave $C ext{P}$ asymmetries to search for $C ext{P}$ violation in heavy baryon multi-body decays, especially in $ ext{Λ}_b$ decays.

Contribution

It proposes a novel, model-independent strategy utilizing partial wave $C ext{P}$ asymmetries for detecting $C ext{P}$ violation in complex heavy hadron decays.

Findings

Strategy applicable to arbitrary spin configurations.

Suitable for multi-body decays of heavy baryons.

Guidelines for measuring $C ext{P}$ asymmetries in specific decay channels.

Abstract

Despite the large baryon-anti-baryon asymmetry in the observable Universe, the closely related phenomenon -- the violation of the combined charge and parity symmetry ($C\!P$V) -- has not been observed in the baryon sector in laboratories. In this paper, a new strategy for searching for $C\!P$V in heavy hadron multi-body decays is proposed, in which a set of novel observables measuring $C\!P$V in such decays -- the partial wave $C\!P$ asymmetries (PW$C\!P$As) -- are introduced. This strategy is model-independent and applicable to multi-body decays of heavy hadrons with arbitrary spin configurations in both initial and final states, and with any number of particles in the final state. It is especially applicable for $C\!P$V investigations in multi-body decays of heavy baryons. As applications of this strategy, we suggest to measure the PW$C\!P$As in some decay channels of bottom baryons such as $\Lambda_b^0\to p \pi^-\pi^+\pi^-$, $\Lambda_b\to p K^- \pi^+\pi^-$, $\Lambda^0_b\to p\pi^-K^+K^-$, $\Lambda_b^0\to\Lambda K^+\pi^-$, and $\Lambda_b^0\to p \pi^- K_s$.}