Longitudinal electromagnetic waves with extremely short wavelength

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that a specially designed interlaced wire metamaterial can support longitudinal electromagnetic waves with extremely short wavelengths across a broad frequency range, enabling new control over spatial electromagnetic fields.

Contribution

The study introduces a novel metamaterial structure supporting wide-band longitudinal waves with unprecedentedly short wavelengths, expanding the understanding of spatially dispersive electromagnetic responses.

Findings

Supports longitudinal waves from low frequencies to Bragg resonances

Waves have wavelengths comparable to the material's period

Highlights spatial dispersion in interlaced wire media

Abstract

Electromagnetic waves in vacuum and most materials have transverse polarization. Longitudinal electromagnetic waves with electric field parallel to wave vector are very rare and appear under special conditions in a limited class of media, for example in plasma. In this work, we study the dispersion properties of an easy-to-manufacture metamaterial consisting of two three-dimensional cubic lattices of connected metallic wires inserted one into another, also known as an interlaced wire medium. It is shown that the metamaterial supports longitudinal waves at extremely wide frequency band from very low frequencies up to the Bragg resonances of the structure. The waves feature unprecedentedly short wavelengths comparable to the period of the material. The revealed effects highlight spatially dispersive response of interlaced wire medium and provide a route toward generating electromagnetic fields with strong spatial variation.