A Soft-Aided Staircase Decoder Using Three-Level Channel Reliabilities

TL;DR

This paper introduces an improved soft-aided staircase decoding algorithm (iSABM) that leverages channel reliabilities to enhance decoding performance of staircase codes with minimal complexity increase.

Contribution

The paper proposes iSABM, an enhanced decoding algorithm for staircase codes that classifies bits using reliability thresholds and enables soft decoding over multiple blocks.

Findings

Up to 0.53 dB gain over SABM at BER of 10^-6.

Up to 0.91 dB gain over standard SCC decoding.

1-bit reliability marking causes minimal performance loss with reduced memory.

Abstract

The soft-aided bit-marking (SABM) algorithm is based on the idea of marking bits as highly reliable bits (HRBs), highly unreliable bits (HUBs), and uncertain bits to improve the performance of hard-decision (HD) decoders. The HRBs and HUBs are used to assist the HD decoders to prevent miscorrections and to decode those originally uncorrectable cases via bit flipping (BF), respectively. In this paper, an improved SABM algorithm (called iSABM) is proposed for staircase codes (SCCs). Similar to the SABM, iSABM marks bits with the help of channel reliabilities, i.e., using the absolute values of the log-likelihood ratios. The improvements offered by iSABM include: (i) HUBs being classified using a reliability threshold, (ii) BF randomly selecting HUBs, and (iii) soft-aided decoding over multiple SCC blocks. The decoding complexity of iSABM is comparable of that of SABM. This is due to the fact that on the one hand no sorting is required (lower complexity) because of the use of a threshold for HUBs, while on the other hand multiple SCC blocks use soft information (higher complexity). Additional gains of up to 0.53 dB with respect to SABM and 0.91 dB with respect to standard SCC decoding at a bit error rate of $10^{-6}$ are reported. Furthermore, it is shown that using 1-bit reliability marking, i.e., only having HRBs and HUBs, only causes a gain penalty of up to 0.25 dB with a significantly reduced memory requirement.