Scattering and inverse scattering for the AKNS system: A rational function approach

TL;DR

This paper introduces a rational function-based numerical method for computing the scattering and inverse scattering transforms of the AKNS system, enabling high-precision solutions on the entire real axis.

Contribution

It presents a novel rational basis function approach for the AKNS system's scattering transforms, improving efficiency and accuracy in solving related Riemann--Hilbert problems.

Findings

Efficient computation of the scattering transform on the real axis.

High-precision inverse scattering for Schrödinger operators with sech^2 potential.

Single linear system solves for reflection coefficients.

Abstract

We consider the use of rational basis functions to compute the scattering and inverse scattering transforms associated with the AKNS system. The proposed numerical forward scattering transform computes the solution of the AKNS system that is valid on the entire real axis and thereby computes a reflection coefficient at a point by solving a single linear system. The proposed numerical inverse scattering transform makes use of a novel improvement in the rational function approach to the oscillatory Cauchy operator, enabling the efficient solution of certain Riemann--Hilbert problems without contour deformations. The latter development enables access to high-precision computations and this is demonstrated on the inverse scattering transform for the one-dimensional Schr\"odinger operator with a $\mathrm{sech}^2$ potential.