Measurement of the Beam-Normal Single-Spin Asymmetry for Elastic Electron Scattering from $^{12}$C and $^{27}$Al

TL;DR

This paper reports measurements of the beam-normal single-spin asymmetry in elastic electron scattering from carbon-12 and aluminum-27, providing new data at specific kinematics and comparing results with theoretical models and previous experiments.

Contribution

It presents the first measurement of $B_n$ on $^{27}$Al and adds new data points for $^{12}$C, enhancing understanding of asymmetries in elastic electron scattering at forward angles.

Findings

Measured $B_n$ asymmetries: -10.68 ppm for $^{12}$C and -12.16 ppm for $^{27}$Al.

Results are consistent with theoretical predictions.

Q-dependence of asymmetries follows a common slope across different nuclei.

Abstract

We report measurements of the parity-conserving beam-normal single-spin elastic scattering asymmetries $B_n$ on $^{12}$C and $^{27}$Al, obtained with an electron beam polarized transverse to its momentum direction. These measurements add an additional kinematic point to a series of previous measurements of $B_n$ on $^{12}$C and provide a first measurement on $^{27}$Al. The experiment utilized the Qweak apparatus at Jefferson Lab with a beam energy of 1.158 GeV. The average lab scattering angle for both targets was 7.7 degrees, and the average $Q^2$ for both targets was 0.02437 GeV$^2$ (Q=0.1561 GeV). The asymmetries are $B_n$ = -10.68 $\pm$ 0.90 stat) $\pm$ 0.57 (syst) ppm for $^{12}$C and $B_n$ = -12.16 $\pm$ 0.58 (stat) $\pm$ 0.62 (syst) ppm for $^{27}$Al. The results are consistent with theoretical predictions, and are compared to existing data. When scaled by Z/A, the Q-dependence of all the far-forward angle (theta < 10 degrees) data from $^{1}$H to $^{27}$Al can be described by the same slope out to $Q \approx 0.35$ GeV. Larger-angle data from other experiments in the same Q range are consistent with a slope about twice as steep.