Supersolidity in Two-Dimensional Trapped Dipolar Droplet Arrays

TL;DR

This paper theoretically explores the transition from superfluid to droplet crystal phases in a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate, identifying supersolid states with unique excitations and proposing experimental realization methods.

Contribution

It provides a detailed theoretical analysis of supersolid formation and excitation spectra in dipolar BECs, including dynamics and experimental protocols.

Findings

Identification of regimes with supersolid phases

Observation of Higgs amplitude mode in excitations

Proposed experimental protocols for realization

Abstract

We theoretically investigate the ground states and the spectrum of elementary excitations across the superfluid to droplet crystallization transition of an oblate dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate. We systematically identify regimes where spontaneous rotational symmetry breaking leads to the emergence of a supersolid phase with characteristic collective excitations, such as the Higgs amplitude mode. Furthermore, we study the dynamics across the transition and show how these supersolids can be realized with standard protocols in state-of-the-art experiments.