Thermal Schwinger Effect: Defect Production in Compressed Filament Bundles

TL;DR

This paper explores how biopolymer filament bundles under compression undergo a thermally-activated defect production process, analogous to the Schwinger effect, leading to localized bending and mechanical instability.

Contribution

It introduces a novel thermal analog of the Schwinger effect in biopolymer bundles, explaining defect formation under compression and its impact on mechanical stability.

Findings

Defect production occurs at stresses below Euler buckling.

Localized kinks reduce the effective length and elastic energy.

Thermal activation leads to a new instability mechanism.

Abstract

We discuss the response of biopolymer filament bundles bound by transient cross linkers to compressive loading. These systems admit a mechanical instability at stresses typically below that of traditional Euler buckling. In this instability, there is thermally-activated pair production of topological defects that generate localized regions of bending -- kinks. These kinks shorten the bundle's effective length thereby reducing the elastic energy of the mechanically loaded structure. This effect is the thermal analog of the Schwinger effect, in which a sufficiently large electric field causes electron-positron pair production. We discuss this analogy and describe the implications of this analysis for the mechanics of biopolymer filament bundles of various types under compression.